Breast Ovarian Syndrome The Most Common Endocrine...

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder abbreviated PCOS. The medical condition was first identified by Irving Stein and Michael Leventhal in 1935. PCOS was originally called Stein-Leventhal disease. Its name was later changed to polycystic ovarian syndrome due to the common symptom of cystic ovaries present in many women with this condition. Currently, it is the most common hormonal illness in women of reproductive age. Polycystic ovarian syndrome has many related symptoms but the most common are: irregular periods, amenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, obesity, infertility, insulin resistance, and estrogen dominance. Although, most of the people that have PCOS are obese not all patients are overweight. PCOS is associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a rather complicated phenomenon. First, it is important to note that insulin is a very important hormone in the human body and too much or too little of it leads to problems. Insulin governs appetite, satiety and blood sugar levels. It also appears to regulate fat accumulation on the body. When a person eats, the pancreas releases insulin and this insulin then pushes glucose from the consumed food into the cells. Any excess glucose is stored in the fat cells. When a person suffers from insulin resistance however, glucose cannot enter the cells. After many attempts, insulin finally manages to push some glucose into a few cells, but the excess is stored in fat

The Problems with Abortion and Solutions Essays - 1500 Words

The Problems with Abortion and Solutions Abortion is referred as the termination of a pregnancy or of a fetus that is incapable of survival (Dictionary.com). Abortion is morally wrong and illegal because the fetus is a person. It is the same thing as murder. The reasons people have abortions are they are not ready to handle the responsibility of another human being, the fetus may have a birth defect, mother’s heath is an issue, rape, or simply because they don’t want any more children (Abortioninfo). The majority of people that have abortions are teenagers. Abortion is flat out wrong and should be banned. Being that abortion is immoral no matter the circumstances, justifies the need for a law to make it illegal. Abortion has†¦show more content†¦This usually occurs during the second or third trimester. The cervix is dilated for the entry of surgical forceps (AbortionTV). The fetus is partly pulled though the vagina in a breech style. The legs of the fetus are hanging out of the womb. The doctor forces the scissors into the back of the head and spreads the scissors to increase the wound size. A suction cup is held over the fetus’s head as the brains are sucked out (AbortionTV). The body is removed and the womb is cleaned of any other birthing particles. The partial abortion procedure can have fatal side effects such as infection of the cervix, excessive bleeding of the womb, chances for the mother to be fertile decreases, and causes scarring of the uterine wall. Medical experts thought the fetus couldn’t feel the pain of the scissors going through its head but, they were wrong. Studies show that it can feel the pain three to five times more than an adult that would experience it (AbortionTV). The tiny fetus’s are sedated and numbed up so the won’t feel the intense pain. Since the legalization of abortion, more than 126,000 abortions have been performed every day and more than 46,000,000 each year (AbortionTV). One may say they can’t understand how a mother can just kill her child because of her irresponsibility. She may rebuttal back with the answer that the fetus is not yet human and it wouldn’t feel any pain anyway. Studies show that theShow MoreRelatedProblem Solution Essay On Abortion1736 Words   |  7 PagesDejenara Williams Ms. Milliner EES22GQ-04 May, 28 2017 Problem-solution Essay Whenever anyone ever brings up abortion, it s clearly a very opinionated subject. Opinions coming from all. Meaning men and women of a wide age range raised to learn and believe all sorts of religions. Even though this procedure is clearly only done to females, clearly. Everything about this topic is important, because depending on the side he or she is for pro-life or the opposite it s all based off of the personalRead MoreAbortion is the Problem, Not the Solution Essay2143 Words   |  9 PagesLegalized abortion is an extremely controversial and often volatile issue talked about around the world. Abortion was legalized in the United Sates in 1973 after Roe won the lawsuit against Dallas County District Attorney, for not permitting her to terminate the pregnancy that had occurred as a result of a rape, which later was revealed as a false statement (â€Å"Roe v. Wade† P.2) From then 38010338 children have been aborted until 1998. In addition, specialists have estimated an i ncrease of more thanRead More Solutions to the Abortion Problem in America Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pages Solutions to the Abortion Problem in America Abortion in America is a huge issue that is causing much turmoil between the communities in America. Some people feel this way and some people feel another. I am personally for pro-choice, which means I am against abortion unless it is to save a mothers life due to medical problems. Through research I found that there are many things available that are being done to try and cut the rate of abortion in America and yet I feel that there is stillRead MoreThe Perception Of A Social Group1199 Words   |  5 Pagesconsisted of three elements, with the first being the diagnosis of something as problematic and need for alteration, followed by a proposed solution that specifies what needs to be done, and finally a call to rational engagement in corrective action. (Snow Benford 1988) The first point highlighted the importance of contention when it comes to collective action. Problems within any given society are prevalent at all times, however, not until there is a call for a change does co llective action occur. ContentionRead MoreExamples Of Critical Thinking And Abortion1564 Words   |  7 PagesThinking and Abortion Amanda Rabius HUM/115 June 26, 2017 Doug Jankowski Critically Thinking and Abortion Critical thinking is one of the most valuable tools that an individual can use in their lives to solve a problem. There are many groups of dynamics within a situation that can influence it such as religion, gender, age, culture, and even ethnicity. In this essay, I will focus on diversity and ethics when thinking critically and the roles that they play when trying to solve a problem, specificallyRead More Reconstruction In The South Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pages Abortion is a very controversial subject that has been continually argued over for the past few years and probably many years to come. The main controversy is should abortion be legalized? Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child while the child is still in the mothers womb. This can be done by almost anyone from the mother herself to back alley abortions and even to abortions by clinics set up especially for this purpose. There are two sides to this abortion topic the PRO-LIFERead More Pregnancy and Abortion among Teens Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pagesembarrassing and difficult situation that many have to confront. It is a problem that concerns all of us. Teen Pregnancy is a social problem that affects every individual in a community. Form the parents of the baby, to the baby, and the family around the teenagers. It is said that teen pregnancy leads to abortion. After many years of investigation, researchers have come to find an incredible relationship between teen p regnancy and abortion. It is not an easy task to raise a child during the teenage yearsRead MoreTeen Parenthood Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pageslook for a solution. As teen and unplanned pregnancy become of a problem in society, planned parenthood is taking the bull by the horns and providing younger and older mothers alike with solutions such as birth control, abortion, and implants. According to â€Å"Us Abortions Stats† within the last 10 years, teen pregnancy has become more of a problem among teenagers and in turn has caused abortion rates to rise (US Abortion Stats. Par 1) As teenage pregnancy is become more of a rising problem in theRead MoreAbortion : Where Have All The Criminals Gone?1041 Words   |  5 Pagesas much as abortion. Why it this so? It is the nature of the topic. Abortion is a topic in which people’s views are just as diverse as the population itself. Most people avoid writing about such topics altogether, especially when they are in support of such an act. However when economist Steven D. Levitt and writer Stephen J Dubner wrote chapter 4 of â€Å"Freakonomics† titled â€Å"Where have all the Criminals Gone?† they did just that. The chapter details historical examples of bans on abortion, possibleRead MoreSocial Problems : A Social Problem1743 Words   |  7 PagesKennedy Baker 10-30-17 Period 2 Ms. Osterman Abortion Paper Social problems can encompass many things, but they all have two things in common. They are a social state that disturbs society, and they are detrimental to society. There are four stages to a social problem: public outcry, crafting an official response, reaction to official response, and developing alternative strategies to solve problem. These stages run in a cycle and happen over and over again depending upon what the public is upset

The DSM-IV Free Essays

The DSM-IV is an important tool for clinicians. It provides a standard for diagnoses to be standardized across psychology; however, the DSM-IV is not as precise for diagnosing personality disorders as some psychologists would like. Give an example of each of the following problems identified in your readings and explain how these problems could negatively affect a diagnosis. We will write a custom essay sample on The DSM-IV or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. Some criteria used for reaching a diagnosis cannot be observed directly. Particular patient study has to take place in most circumstances so that the clinicians can increase info about the patient’s indicators that may not be instantly noticeable in the clinical situation. If this exterior particular info is not collected by the clinician a misdiagnosis may be completed. Particular facts may contain info about the patient’s character, manners or a patient’s responses to certain circumstances, indicators that only show in a particular environment and info that cannot be gathered straight from the patient due their incapability or unwillingness to communicate with the clinician openly. An instance would be a patient who presents with avoidant character disorder doubts might be identified as having social fear, when they really are feeling a different illness. Misdiagnosis may have serious concerns if suitable management, treatments or medicines are used. 2. Personality disorders can be similar to each other. There are numerous symptoms that overlay between different illnesses in DSM group listings. The clinician’s individual explanations may lead to misdiagnosis amongst one of these two illnesses if the clinician trusts only on info collected in the clinical situation. For example obsessive-compulsive disorder, an anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder, a personality disorder has numerous indications in common. In this circumstance, a clinician could grasp a deceptive analysis in this circumstance. The misdiagnosis would chief to improper management modalities, inappropriate medicine and may bring about a deterioration of the patient’s disorder. 3. People with different personalities can be given the same diagnosis The DSM criteria can be understood as personality disorders rather than a change in personality styles. For example, a person who shows a personality that is both detailed and thorough may be identified as obsessive-compulsive. A person who is firm and self-assured may be diagnosed as a narcissist. 4. Do you think that personality disorders are true mental illnesses? Why or why not? Yes I do believe that it is a true mental illness. Unless the person is just faking it. I don’t see how someone can just have a personality disorder without something actually being wrong with them. Some kind of trauma or chemical imbalance had to or has to be happening in order for a person to experience this disorder. How to cite The DSM-IV, Papers

Information Literacy and Adult Learners †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Information Literacy and Adult Learners. Answer: Evidence based HRM Human resource management is an important concept that focuses on the management of employees and maximizes the performances in respect of the service of an employers strategic goals and objectives. At CERA, human resource management functions include staffing, compensation and benefits for the employees along with designing work and defining the roles and responsibilities of the employees to ensure that the strategic goals and objectives are met properly. According to Sheehan (2014), With the high complexity and need for making decisions at a faster rate, it has become important to make critical choices and decisions for gaining success in the future as well as ensure that the management of human resources in done properly (Sheehan, 2018). According to Marler Fisher (2013), the evidence based HRM has brought several benefits including the combining of managerial judgment with the validated rest results to select the most skilled new employees within the company (cera.org.au, 2018). It could also allow the incompetent individuals benefit more than the highly competent individuals while the task related conflicts would be reduced; thereby improve the work group performance as well. The EBHR would not only facilitate the decision making process for CERA, but would also create a positive impact on the organization as well as its employees (Marler Fisher, 2013). The evidences should be based on researches done on the HR domains including the motivation, coordination of work, organization and individual learning along with innovation and change management. Strategic value of HR function in CERA The strategic human resource management is an important concept that creates a good relationship between the high performance Human resource practices and the firm level financial and market outcomes. The strategic HRM determines the perception of employees at CERA regarding the outcomes generated based on the high performance HR practices that can create a positive impact on the HR practice and performance relationship. The strategic HR practices include managing the human resources and studying the performance of the employees along with the level of absenteeism, organizational citizenship behavior and even the commitment of the organization itself (Kehoe Wright, 2013). From the case study, it could be understood that Israel Tobin should influence Mark French by stating him about the strategic value of the HR functions and its importance at CERA. As a senior HR manager of the company. Israel Tobin could relate to the various issues that were experienced until now and how with the strategic HRM functions, it would be easy to deal with those. He analyzed the previous business scenarios and identified the gaps to check whether it could affect the organization negatively or not. The strategic value of HR function could help in focusing on the strategies and ensure improvement in the HR standardization and automation process too (Marchington et al., 2016). At CERA, there were several issues that could be overcome by the strategic value of HR functions and Mark French should understand this properly. Israel Tobin must implement the HR strategies for higher engagement of employees and enhancing the employee productivity too. The technological advancements and integrated systems could improve the HR functions efficiency as well as transform the entire value of the strategy implemented. Therefore, this is how accurate strategic value of HR function could be obtained at CERA and Mark French would be influenced as well (Jackson, Schuler Jiang, 2014). The CRAP test could be used as an effective tool for deciding whether the website or information sources were valid and credible or not. It would assess the four major areas including the currency, reliability, authority and purpose to check whether the two sources are effective or not during the process of evaluation. It would also check whether the information obtained from the sources are reliable and authentic enough or not to analyze the actual scenarios with much ease (Lengnick-Hall, Lengnick-Hall Rigsbee, 2013). The most important factor that should be considered while conducting the CRAP test could be the information currency and purpose. The credibility of the information is also important for understanding whether the sources and information to address the outcomes are reliable or not (Kramar, 2013). To evaluate the information sources accuracy, various things are needed to be considered such as accessibility to data and information and whether the information are kept upd ated or not. The collected data and information must be suitable to meet the needs of the individual wanting the information and must also be inclined with the current business scenarios. The sources of information must be able to determine the clarity and reliability so that it could enable critical and scientific thinking and at the same time, ensure successful management of human resources at CERA (Perkins, 2016). The Evidence based Human resource management allows the organization to combine the scientific evidences and critical thinking skills with the consideration of various information for managing the human resource functions with ease and effectiveness. CRAP test 1: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0266242612465454 Components Description Currency The journal articles are kept updated, because of which the information and data are relevant enough concerned with the human resource management. The article was introduced in 2013 and it is often updated for keeping the data and information inclined with the research objectives (Rapchak et al., 2014). Reliability The articles assessed are related to the actual scenario concerned with the management of human resources at CERA. The content is well balanced and proper references have been provided as well, which has improved the accuracy. Authority The author of the article is Maura Sheehan and the source of information is a reliable online website. It contains all the necessary information that are needed and information about the author can also be found along with his other works. There are not many advertisements, which makes it easy to collect the revenant data and information with ease. Purpose The purpose of performing the CRAP test on this article is to conduct future researches and provide the students with relevant information to know about the various aspects of human resource management (Alfes et al., 2013). Table 1: CRAP test 1 (Composed by author) CRAP test 2: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585192.2013.816863 Components Description Currency The journal article was published in the year 2013 and it was updated consistently. It consisted of information regarding the HRM as well as something more, which could be essential for research conduction. Reliability The reference are provided properly along with accurate data and information about the sustainable and strategic HRM. Authority Robin Kramar is the author of the article who has provided the best quality information that are required to analyze various business scenarios and understand the importance of sustainable HRM (Kramar, 2013). There are very few advertisements, due to which information accessibility is easy and convenient. Purpose The purpose of obtaining these information and data is to conduct researches and derive positive outcomes all throughout. Table 2: CRAP test 2 Conclusions From the analysis of the above section, it could be understood that the EBHR involved making decisions as well as critically evaluated the importance of information based on critical thinking for enabling continuous learning. This could further strengthen the connection between effective HRM practices and enhance the scopes of research to allow for better decision making. There were various factors that influenced the HR practices and decision-making process and the various HR departments could also enable standardization of policies and manage the evidences properly to promote flexibility as well as benefit the people working at CERA. To influence Mark French, the assessment and monitoring of the employee performances and other related attributes were done, which would create ease in managing the human resources and ensure that the organization function properly within the business environment. Not only the HR functions efficiency would improve, but also the organization would obtai n the relevant skills and knowledge to sustain within the competitive business environment with ease. The CERA test for the two websites consisting of the journal articles was done for understanding the reliability and accuracy of the data and information required to conduct the research and understand its relevance with the concepts of human resource management too. References Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. cera.org.au. (2018). Cera.org.au. Retrieved 18 March 2018, from https://www.cera.org.au/ Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), 366-391. Kramar, R. (2013). Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?. Retrieved 18 March 2018, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585192.2013.816863 Lengnick-Hall, M. L., Lengnick-Hall, C. A., Rigsbee, C. M. (2013). Strategic human resource management and supply chain orientation.Human Resource Management Review,23(4), 366-377. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R., Kynighou, A. (2016).Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Marler, J. H., Fisher, S. L. (2013). An evidence-based review of e-HRM and strategic human resource management.Human Resource Management Review,23(1), 18-36. Perkins, K. (2016). The CRAAP Test: An Easy Fun Way to Evaluate Research Sources.RefME Guest Blogger [Internet]. Rapchak, M. E., Lewis, L. A., Motyka, J. K., Balmert, M. (2015). Information literacy and adult learners: Using authentic assessment to determine skill gaps.Adult Learning,26(4), 135-142. Sheehan, M. (2018).Human resource management and performance: Evidence from small and medium-sized firms.SAGE Publications. Retrieved 18 March 2018, from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0266242612465454

Bilingualism and Multilingualism

Bilingualism and Multilingualism Language is the influential aspect which determines the peculiarities of the people’s interactions in society. It is possible to discuss the usage of language for communication from psychological, linguistic, and sociolinguistic perspectives because language plays an enormous role in the formation of human identity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bilingualism and Multilingualism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The peculiar features of the social development influence the progress of the situation when today many people are considered as bilingual or multilingual. Economical, political, cultural and social shifts to the development of international economy and integration caused the fact that the notions of bilingualism and multilingualism which are closely connected with the phenomenon of globalization became important aspects of a modern society. To understand the peculiarities of this tendency, it is neces sary to examine the definitions of bilingualism and multilingualism and determine the features in which these notions are similar or different. The issue of defining such notions as bilingualism and multilingualism is widely discussed by many researchers nowadays. The main difference of their approaches is in the consideration of these notions as similar or different in relation to their major characteristics. In her work, Pavlenko accentuates the fact that traditionally bilingualism and multilingualism are discussed as the same notions that is why she uses use the term ‘bilingualism’ in order to study the aspects of bi- and multilingualism with paying attention only to the number of languages used by a speaker (Pavlenko, 2006). According to this idea, bilingualism should be defined as the phenomenon when people use two languages to realize their social interactions, and multilingualism is the phenomenon when people use more than two languages to complete their social n eeds (Altarriba Heredia, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, to discuss the aspects of bilingualism and multilingualism, it is necessary to focus on the factor of the social motivation and psychological peculiarities of the ability to use two or more languages for interactions. To discuss the notions as the same, it is necessary to state that bi/multilingualism is a complex phenomenon which is influenced by social and psychological factors and also affects the structure of the languages used. This phenomenon is connected with the notion of codes. Thus, bilingualism is a result of â€Å"psycholinguistic functioning of the mind when having two codes† (Ceroz Gorter, 2011, p. 357). Nevertheless, it is also possible to notice that multilingualism is a result of using more than two language codes. The usage of two or more codes results in developing code-mix ing and code-switching during the communication process (Ceroz Gorter, 2011). The peculiar features of code-mixing and code-switching are widely discussed by those researchers who support the opinion that bilingualism and multilingualism cannot be considered as the same notions. The base for their arguments is two views known as the ‘fractional’ view and ‘holistic’ view (Perani Abutalebi, 2005). According to the first perspective, a bilingual is a person who interacts as two monolinguals depending on definite circumstances (Altarriba Heredia, 2008). The ‘holistic’ view is more general and states that the languages used are interdependent and influence each other. Thus, the person who uses them should be considered as a unique personality following definite sociolinguistic peculiarities. Focusing on these two views, sociolinguists and psychologists accentuate that code- switching as the selection of definite linguistic elements in languages t o use is more typical for bilinguals and code-mixing is more typical for multilingual persons who combine the elements of many languages in one speech to complete the conversation goal (Myers-Scotton, 2006). Moreover, it is significant to pay attention to such points as the types of bi/multilingualism and their differences. Researchers define circumstantial bilingualism as the person’s usage of two languages according to the situation of communication and other socio-environmental factors which influenced the necessity to learn the second language (De Bot, Lowie, Verspoor, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Bilingualism and Multilingualism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Circumstantial multilingualism can develop on the base of previous bilingualism under the definite living circumstances. That is why it is almost impossible to determine any strict differences in these types. Sequential bilingualism is based on the fact bilinguals develop some proficiency in their native language and then learn the second language. Thus, their knowledge about the native language can influence their acquiring the second language. The next stage after acquiring the second language can be multilingualism when a person studies languages sequentially. Thus, there are no obvious differences in sequential bilingualism and sequential multilingualism. The only fact which can influence the peculiarities of multilingual persons’ interactions is the ability to learn languages more effectively with using the knowledge about the first two or more languages (Wei Moyer, 2008). Passive bi/multilingualism is characterized by a person’s knowing two or more languages, but active usage in communication of only one of them (Paradis Navarro, 2003). Thus, the peculiarities of circumstantial, sequential, and passive bi/multilingualism cannot be considered as decisive for determining the differences in usin g the notions. Those researchers who develop the idea that bilingualism and multilingualism are similar notions accentuate the fact of ‘soft boundaries’ between languages which are typical both for bilinguals and multilingual persons (Ceroz Gorter, 2011). Nevertheless, the other linguists argue that because of predominantly circumstantial character of bilingualism, ‘soft boundaries’ between languages are more typical for the multilingual practice (Myers-Scotton, 2006). To determine the differences and similarities in the notions of bilingualism and multilingualism, it is possible to provide the general definition which is based on the opinion that a multilingual person differs from a bilingual only in the number of languages he knows. Moreover, multilingualism can also include the concept of bilingualism as the certain type of the phenomenon.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, according to the ‘holistic’ view with focusing on such aspects as code-mixing and ‘soft boundaries’ between languages, it is possible to define a multilingual person as a man who uses more than two languages for realizing everyday social interactions. The main peculiarities of multilingual persons is the effective usage of more than two languages as the combination of codes (code-mixing) in order to achieve the goal of communication in spite of environmental factors. Multilingual persons differ from bilinguals in such aspects as the intensity of interdependence of the languages used, forming a unique personality from the psychological and sociolinguistic perspectives, and the usage of two or more languages and their combinations depending on their effectiveness according to the communicative goal. References Altarriba, J. Heredia, R. R. (2008). An introduction to bilingualism: Principles and Processes. USA: Psychology Press. Ceroz, J. Gorter, D. (2011). Focus on multilingualism: A study of trilingual writing. The Modern Language Journal, 95(iii), 356-369. De Bot, K., Lowie, W., Verspoor, M. (2007). A dynamic systems theory approach to second language acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 10, 7–21. Myers-Scotton, C. (2006). Multiple voices. USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Paradis, M. Navarro, S. (2003). Subject realization and crosslinguistic interference in the bilingual acquisition of Spanish and English: What is the role of the input? Journal of Child Language, 30, 371–393. Pavlenko, A. (2006). Bilingual minds. USA: Multilingual Matters Ltd. Perani, D. Abutalebi, J. (2005). Neural basis of first and second language processing. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 15, 202–206. Wei, L. Moyer, M. G. (2008). The Blackwell guide to research methods in bilingualism and multilingualism. USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Age of Discovery essays

Age of Discovery essays I went to see Joseph McDonoughs play The Age Of Discovery on February 27, 2001 at the Seney-Stovall Chapel at the University of Georgia. Stanley Longman directed this particular version of the play, which is about two men, Lewis and Clark, and their insane and complicated journey trying to find their misplaced meteorite. Throughout their wild voyage, many personas and traits of the characters are developed as well as revealed to the audience. With the help of Clark and other characters such as Belle, Newton, Whitney, Perry, and Grandma, Lewis is able to come to important realizations about his own life. Throughout their crazy journey Lewis and Clark visit many different settings such as laundromats, junkyards, jail cells, and golf courses. The scenery, which consists of two turntables holding most of the props and decorations, is easily revolved between acts. Wardrobe also plays an important role in character assessment and evaluation. Although the play is held at a simplistic , light, and humorous level, the more considerable matters are still successfully noticed and absorbed by the audience. Lewis is initially introduced to the audience as an intense, anal person who is fixated with his work and stays continuously uptight throughout the play. He is obsessed with finding the rock and cannot understand how Clark, who he feels is a unreliable idiot, lost such an important stone. Lewis is referred to as an ivy league prick and with his personality, aura, and appearance he represents this stereotype well. Lewis demonstrates part of the realistic convention McDonough utilizes in his play. People can easily become preoccupied with their work to the point where it becomes unhealthy and they miss out on the important things in life. The audience can originally tell that Clark is an unorganized, flaky, person who has an idealist personality. Lewis gets annoyed with Clark easily and feels that he wastes his t...

Memorandum of Points and Authorities AKA Trail Court Brief Essay

Memorandum of Points and Authorities AKA Trail Court Brief - Essay Example STATEMENT OF CASE Marco Velasco, the DEFENDANT, of legal age, running with friends within the vicinity of San Diego Middle School was apprehended by authorities after they have ran inside and then exited of the SDMS campus with various items in their hands. Defendant was holding a glass vase, while the rest held a bottom of a lamp, a chair leg, and a candlestick. That the four teenagers were seen by campus security officers Miguel Martinez and Marvin DaSilvia on said vicinity. It so happened that Martinez recalled that defendant was a member of a gang and also attended San Diego Middle School. The security officers overheard one of the teenagers in the group of defendant shout, â€Å"He’s over there!† Subsequently, the campus security officers yelled to the group to â€Å"Stop!† several times but the group of defendant continued running until they went towards the exit of the campus, of which they were subsequently apprehended by Officer Jael Waddle. In the proce ss, the glass vase held by defendant was confiscated and used as evidence to press charges against defendant in violation of section 12024 of the US Penal Code, specifically possession of deadly weapon. The arresting officers, however, failed to secure search warrant for possession of deadly weapons for defendant prior to arrest. This, in the assumption that defendant was a violent person who was about to assault a person with the â€Å"deadly weapon† glass vase. Defendant was illegally arrested and his possession confiscated without probable cause. ARGUMENT THE COURT SHOULD REVERSE DECICION TO DETAIN DEFENDANT FOR VIOLATION OF PENAL CODE 12024 DUE TO ILLEGAL ARREST AND LACK OF PROBABLE CAUSE. Defendant Marco Velasco, charged with felony for single count of violation of section 12024 of the United States Penal Code, contends that the trial court erred in finding sufficient probable cause to justify his arrest. As a result, the glass vase held by Defendant during his arrest wr ongly assumed as a deadly weapon used against defendant, should have been suppressed. A. Defendant Was Illegally Detained Although defendant was immediately arrested upon apprehension and was never actually detained for investigative purposes, defendant submits that there lacks sufficient cause to justify lawful detention. This fact is important because after defendant’s illegal detention and arrest, he was charged with violation of California Penal Code Section 12024. Arrest and detention is lawful if the circumstances known or apparent to the officer includes specific articulable facts for the officer to suspect any criminal activity is happening and the person he intends to arrest is involved in that criminal activity (Tony C [1978] 21 Cal.3d 888, 890). In Brown v. Texas (1979, 443 U.S. 47), it was stated that, â€Å"†¦intrusion on interests prohibited by the Fourth Amendment and requires a reasonable suspicion based on articulable facts relating to the person or his or her conduct in order to be lawful,† in consideration of alleging that a glass vase on defendant’s possession was a deadly weapon. The Fourth Amendment protects the right of the people to be secure in their persons, house, papers, and effects, against

You Decide Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

You Decide - Research Paper Example People in developed world are happy with the advancement in technology while developing countries are struggling to keep up with the advanced technology. In the end, developed countries will have to reach an agreement to reduce their energy use in favor of developing countries due to growth in population in these countries, thus an increased demand on energy use to improve their livelihood. The world will require much energy supply in the coming 21st century. Nuclear energy has the potential to meet this demand. The most dominant sources of energy that have been used in developed and developing nations include fossil fuel, coal, oil, natural gas and in some countries they have used hydroelectric power, nuclear power and biomass. Air pollution in china has been on the increase due to energy use over the past decades, especially in urban areas and rural areas due to coal industries that are located in the countryside. It is stipulated that china has three of the ten most polluted cities which are not in accordance with world health organization air quality guidelines in the world (Abramsky, 2010). For example; Shenyang air pollution that took place 20 years ago due high levels of particulates and sulphur oxide in the atmosphere, which reduced visibility. The government of china has not only an obligation to address the problems of provision of basic services to increased numbers of people, develop economically but also address environmental problems of air pollution caused by rapid economic growth. A group of experts from various field in energy sector met in 2003 to discuss the way forward to reduce air pollution as part of energy policy in china. This led to incorporation of air pollution as an important matter when carrying out national planning. Planners in china have been able to look at the impacts of various choices of

High School Graduation Ceremony Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

High School Graduation Ceremony - Essay Example It could never have brought more joy to my family and me as it marked a great step in my academic and social life. This is mainly because, I was going to process to my next level of education, and this would mean a lot especially to my parents who were eager to see me complete my education in a successful manner. To me, it meant relieving myself of some academic stress as I set my eyes on college education. On the other hand, it was a turning point in my social life in many aspects mainly because I was going to change my learning environment. This is especially what excited meowing to the numerous enticing stories I had heard concerning higher education. Due to enthusiasm about completing my high school education, I together with my parents planned appropriately to ensure that the graduation ceremony was a success. This was particularly so because I was in the process of transition to new levels of academic engagements and, therefore, I had to bid farewell to the high school life tog ether with my friends. Concerning my social life, I had great anticipations that high school graduation was going to be the turning point by influencing the kinds of friends I was going to make in my future life. Although I had good friends in high school, I was very anxious on that day because I was sure that I was going to make even more friends and perhaps take my relationships to the next level. In this respect, I vividly remember talking with friends about the kind of life and friends that we were to expect once we would be enrolled for colleges. Since I was leaving my friends in order to go and make new friends, I had to make the day memorable by inviting friends and families. What particularly motivated me was the fact that I would miss most of my friends whereby I was going to meet strangers and make new friends. Thus, the social aspect of my graduation ceremony was a real factor to reckon with. In the above regards, my graduation ceremony was a colorful one thanks to many f riends and relatives who gave a helping hand in the planning and organizing parts.

The Moral Philosophy Of Virtue Ethics

The Moral Philosophy Of Virtue Ethics Virtue Ethics is a moral philosophy commonly attributed to Plato and Aristotle. The meaning of the word virtue for both was that of excellence. Although there are differences in their individual schools of thought, their outlook on morality is more or less the same. Both these philosophers came upon their understanding of ethics and morality while attempting to answer some fundamental question. For Plato, the question was, what is the good life? And for Aristotle this was, what do men fundamentally desire? In their individual attempts to answer these questions we find their theories of ethics. Plato described four cardinal virtues in his works. They were: Wisdom, Courage, Temperance and Justice, referring respectively to the following faculties of the human soul: Reason, Spirits, Appetites and justice being the correct balance of the first three, which according to him was the subservience of spirits and appetites to the faculty of reason. These virtues when properly exercised would lead to the development of an organized, well-balanced and hence virtuous individual. This well-balanced individual would be a happy person. So, Plato hypothesizes that it is a happy person who is leading a good life (hence, a good life is a happy life). He is happy because he is morally virtuous, morally virtuous because he is guided by reason and reason is knowledge. We now understand the first part of Platos theory that to be happy one must be morally virtuous. This leads to the second part of his theory that reason or that ultimate knowledge which is needed for morality comes from the Idea of Good. It is this Idea of Good which exists in the realm of Ideas, of immutable, unchanging Form which is the source and the final goal of all morality. And this Idea of Good is accessible only to the philosophers. Aristotle differs from the Platonic view over the concept of Forms and that knowledge of morality is a priori. According to him, moral principles are to be discovered through the study of mans life and his experiences and not from some obscure, formless world of ideals. In his search for the answer to what men fundamentally desire, Aristotle more or less comes to the same conclusion as Plato, which is the attainment of Eudaimonia, a term used by Aristotle and translated commonly as Happiness. As with Plato, Aristotle also believes that leading a virtuous life will lead to happiness. A virtuous life is one which is governed by reason. Reason in man has two functions. First is the use of reason (or the rational part of the soul) to control the irrational (appetitive, for e.g. emotions and vegetative, for e.g. breathing) part of the soul. The second is to use reason for the sake of deep analysis to come up with knowledge which in turn yields laws and principles to govern everyday life. He further states that virtue in man corresponds to these two functions of reason respectively: moral virtues and intellectual virtues. These moral and intellectual virtues are the mean between two vices. That is these virtues exist as the middle ground between two extremes. Moral virtues are those which based on rationality are ingrained in a man as his nature and are practiced by him out of habit. Examples of the moral virtues are courage and prudence etc. On the other hand, the intellectual virtues are those of exercising the rational part of the soul purely for the sake of reasoning, an example of which is wisdom. The former (moral virtues) are within reach of the ordinary man while the intellectual virtues fall in the domain of a few divinely blessed only. Finally, according to Aristotle it is the state of character of a person which makes him morally virtuous. This state of character is one of the three components of a mans personality. The other two being: the passions (e.g. anger or fear) and the faculties (e.g. ability to feel anger). It is the state of character which propels a man to choose between two extremes. Hence moral virtue is the state of character of a man which leads him to choose the golden mean. Let us take an example, proper pride is the mean between empty vanity and undue humility. To sum up Aristotles philosophy of ethics is that it is the character of man within which lies the power to choose. Hence it is not the act but the choice made between different forms of that act that morality is evident. NOTES William Lille, An Introduction to Ethics, (London: Methuen Co Ltd, 1971), 272. Ethel M. Albert, Theodore C. Denise and Sheldon P. Peterfreund, Great Traditions in Ethics, (New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1980), 11. Ibid., 38. Lille, An Introduction, 274, 277. Ethel M. Albert and others, Great, 11. Ibid., 29. Ibid., 38. Ibid., 46. Ibid., 48. Ibid., 39. Ibid., 50.

Class Distinction Shown in The Prince and the Pauper Essay example --

In his book, The Prince and the Pauper, Mark Twain highlights class distinction very often. It plays an immensely important role in his novel, because Twain places his two main characters in the total extremes of the social class. Through these characters, Edward and Tom, Twain illustrates the vast difference between the high and low ends of the social class in England, shows how ignorant they were of each other, proves that a person's social status was determined by his appearance, and demonstrates that social status does not show the true worth of a person. Throughout the whole book, Twain shows that there is a huge difference between the English Royalty and the slums. He does this by describing Tom's and Edward's homes, the people surrounding them, their way of life, and the way they dressed. The first chapter of Twain's book starts out like this: In the ancient city of London, on a certain autumn day in the second quarter of the sixteenth century, a boy was born to a poor family of the name of Canty, who did not want him. On the same day another English child was born to a rich family of the name of Tudor, who did want him. (15) Already in the first two sentences, he shows a drastic difference between the two main characters. Tom was an unwanted child, but the whole nation had been longing for the birth of Edward. Later on in the chapter he makes a comment about their clothes, saying that Tom was â€Å"lapped in his poor rags,† and Edward â€Å"lay lapped in silks and satin† (15). Twain uses Tom's and Edward's homes as another way to portray class distinction. He describes the places where they live so vividly that the reader can almost visualize it in his head. Tom lived on Offal Court, and the name fit his situation pre... ...ction can be found on almost every page. Twain uses it to portray his own views on England's social classes. Works Cited Paul, Kathleen. "The Prince and the Pauper." Masterplots II: Juvenile and Young Adult Fiction Series (1991). Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. North Haledon Free Public Library, North Haledon, NJ. 3 Jan. 2009 . "The Prince and the Pauper." Masterplots, Revised Second Edition (1996). Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. North Haledon Free Public Library, North Haledon, NJ. 3 Jan. 2009 . Twain, Mark. The Prince and the Pauper. New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., 1964.

Librarysystem

A PROPOSED COMPUTERIZED LIBRARY SYSTEM USING RFID FOR BARANGKA ELEMENTARY SCHOOL A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Informatics International College Cainta, Rizal In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for Thesis A MEJIA, JEMWARD ALLEN M. AMERICA, EDMAN PAUL R. LUMBAO, JONALYN D. FEBRUARY 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS APPROVAL SHEET †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. iii DEDICATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ iv ABSTRACT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ v TABLE OF CONTENTS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. vi LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Background of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Statement of the Problem †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Scope and Limitation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Significance of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Research Hypothesis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 CHAPTER 2 EVALUATION DESIGN AND FRAMEWORK †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Theoretical Framework †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 Conceptual Framework †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 The Variables, their Definitions and Importance to the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 Definition of Terms †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18 Methods of research †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 19 Locale of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 Participants of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 21 Sources of Data †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 22 Procedure of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 24 Design Strategy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 Statistical Treatment †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 26 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 27 CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 28 CHAPTER 6 OUTPUT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 130 APPENDICES †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 131 CURRICULUM VITAE †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦140 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to extend our gratitude to the following staff and students of Barangka Elemen tary School who helped us while working on this proposal: Ms. Lourdes Larios, Ms. Violeta Dig, Ms. Aizaleen Marcelo, Jan Bernice Reign Cruz, Arch Gabriel Tesorero, Katya Santos, Patricia Kaye Cervantes, Reylaldo Jose, Kimberlyn Gumaro, Rudelyn Dingding, Eunice Roxas, Claire Erika Samsona, Maria Angelica Ronsairo, Rica Mae Guttierez and Jim Arron Abanos.We would also like to thank our adviser, Ms. Mylene Alvaran who guided us throughout the whole process of this study. To our families who gifted us with education, the rest of our Informatics Marikina family, and last but not the least, to our Lord God. With Him all things are possible. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The library is always been a â€Å"study room† for the people especially for the students who wants to make studies and researches. We simply define library as a room or building containing a collection of books. Before the advent of omputers, libraries usually used a card catalog to index all the items inside it. For acad emic libraries, if the students want to borrow a book, they should have their library card and they should give it to the librarian for the security of the books and for special libraries you should be member of that institution, organization or association. There are three types of libraries. First public libraries, it describes as large main branch and opens to the public and it is maintained by the local authorities like National Library here in the Philippines.It has the most extensive reference collection (dictionaries, encyclopedia, indexes, historical documents of the Philippines, etc. ) and provides resources such as internet access and databases on CD-ROM. Second type of library is the College Libraries. This type is what all schools have. Sometimes it’s open to the public also and its collection reflects the academic majors and specialties of the school. Lastly, the Special Libraries, its being run by corporations, associations or governments or specialized in a par ticular subject.The existence of a library for every schools, organizations, institution and associations come with much importance, like it can be considered as a store-house of knowledge and renders a great service to the society. It plays a very important role in promoting the progress of knowledge. Foe people who love read books which also called â€Å"bookworms† but can’t afford to buy books, library is the best for them, also a best help especially for students. It is also a very useful for rural youths to spend their time reading books instead of doing evil habits such as gambling and loitering.Nowadays library has been evolving to automated library system (ALS) or also known as Library Management System (LMS). It is use to track all items inside the library and monitor who have borrowed and return books. It uses a software or program that interact with the database and has two graphical user interfaces (GUI), one for user and one for administrator. It is cost e ffective and space saving alternative to other document shelving, and addressing the need for secure and automated document and record handling. Radio-frequency technology has come far from its roots at the beginning of the twentieth  century.Russian physicist  Leon  Ã‚   Theremin is commonly attributed as having created the first RFID device in 1946 (Scanlon, 2003). While Theremin may be recognized for the first successful application of the technology, RFID has earlier roots. RFID is a combination of radar and radio broadcast technology. Radar was developed in the  U. S. in the 1920s (Scanlon, 2003). Scholars noted the relationship between electricity and magnetism, which is a foundation of radio broadcasting, at the beginning of the nineteenth century (Romagnosi, 2009).Harry Stockman wrote a seminal paper in 1948, identifying the vast amount of research and development still needed before â€Å"reflected-power communications† could be used in applications. Interest in implementing RFID in libraries is on the rise (Dorman, 2003). RFID technology has been used to raise efficiency in transport, business and theft-monitoring systems. The evolution of RFID described below suggests that libraries may well benefit from widespread use of this technology. Background of the StudyBarangka Elementary school is located at General Julian Cruz Street, Bonifacio Avenue, Barangka. Marikina City. The school is currently has more than 1000+ book titles and copies. With only a librarian and a teacher librarian handling all transactions thru manual recording and processing, book borrowing and returning as well as master list updating has always been a tedious task. This has been causing delays in processing, organization, and inventory of currently available, currently borrowed, damaged, donated and phased-out books and consumes a lot of time.Other than those problems it can also came up with the result of data mishandling, book records are not updated and lots o f borrowers will have a time waiting for one borrower to another, librarian will be more confused if there will come a time were all students are borrowing a book all at the same time. T0he researchers came up with the idea of developing a Library System that would improve transaction efficiency. Being part of an institution where identification is used not just for efficiency but for safety as well, the proponents decided to make the usage of the library system but the library data files/ documents more secured.The library system may only be used by authorized staff, but it would be better if the library itself was restricted for those who are supposed to benefit from it. By having the need to identify themselves with the use of RFID, everyone who borrows a book in the library is enlisted. Also, it will help the library staff to be able to monitor and distinguish the days and books the library is most used and the statistical details of the library. Statement of the Problem Current Library System of Barangka Elementary School (Manual Library System) 1. The system is inconvenient to use 2.The security of books is questionable 3. Take more effort and time consuming in listing and checking all the books 4. The librarians don’t have any idea about the circulating books. 5. The students and professors don’t know the books information and availability. 6. Sometimes the librarian didn’t know the total amount of fines and date of dues of the students. 7. The librarian can’t have a reports of who borrowed and returned books. 8. The student cant reserve book/s. 9. Sometimes the books were being borrowed by students for more than 2 days. 10. The books were damaged after returning HypothesisThere is no significant difference between the perceptions of the teachers, students and the librarian concerning the Library System using RFID. Scope and Limitation The study took place at the Barangka Elementary School. The researchers conduct a study ins ide the school and ask for permission to gather some information about their library. After that the researchers went to the library and have some study, they went to the Barangka Elementary School on February 22, 2013 to gather some information for the proposed library system using RFID and gathered these following variables to suits the proposal system.These variables that the researchers gathered are student name, address, contact details, and book ID for further explanation student name is needed for the librarian to know who is the borrower and identify the borrower, Address to identify the borrowers current location, contact details to contact the borrower if there is some problems about the book and book id to identify the number of the book and the number of its copy when it is being borrowed. After gathering the variables needed, the researcher needs some programming language in order to use the gathered variables as data to the proposed system.The VB6. 0 or shall we say Vi sual Basic 6. 0 or Visual Basic. Net is being chosen by the researcher as programming language. The researcher also needs some hardware for the proposed system in order to make some testing and runs. For the researchers they choose desktop and laptop computer which is currently installed with vb. 6. 0 and running to an operating system of Windows XP and Windows 7. Significance of the Study In this section, the study benefits the following people inside and outside the organization: 1. Librarian Once the new I.T solution is implemented in the library, the librarian would be able to easily monitor more books that are available or unavailable. He/she can easily identify the borrower with the use of RFID. This means faster access to information and faster processing of book borrowing. 2. Students and faculty Students and faculty members can benefit from this study because with the new automated system, they would be able to easily find the books they want to barrow. They would also bene fit from faster processing of book borrowing since the library staff would be able to easily track borrowers. . School administration The school administration will also benefit from this study because the library system also brings about more secure ways of managing the school’s library collection. This means that the possibility of losing books due to lost borrowing records and security problems will be minimized with the proper implementation of the new system. This new system serves as a good way to protect the school’s investment in library holdings. Chapter 2 EVALUATION DESIGN AND FRAMEWORK Theoretical Framework The association of research libraries (ARL) in North America has collected tatistics related to its member’s libraries for many years ago. These statistics focused on â€Å"input† measure size of collections or number or staff. Subsequently, ARL considered â€Å"Output† measures such as circulation statistics. Shim and Kantor (1996) u sed data envelope Analysis (DEA) to evaluate digital libraries. DEA measures the relative efficiencies of Organizations (â€Å"decision making units†), given multiple inputs and outputs the measurement of efficiency can apply to a single institution over time, or across multiple institutions.As shim and Kantor state â€Å" an efficient library is defined as the one which produces the same output with less input or, for a given input, produces more output. † While this approach advance the notion of evaluation, Kyrillido (2002) points out that the relationships between inputs and outputs within a library are not necessarily clear. Additionally, Shim and Kantor indicate that libraries must describe how inputs are transformed into services, rather than outputs. ARL has acknowledged this need through its New Measures Initiative, which emphasizes outcomes, impacts, and quality, based on user satisfaction.ARL‘s E-metrics projects represents an effort to define and coll ect data on the use and value of electronic resources. ARL’s LibQual+â„ ¢ attempts to measure overall service quality in academic research libraries (Cook et al. , 2001). LibQual+â„ ¢ arose from SERVQUAL, an instrument, based on the gap theory of service quality, which was used to assess private sector institutions. ARL intends to extend LibQual+â„ ¢ to evaluate digital libraries, through the National Science Foundation’s National SMETE Digital Library (NSDL) program.The affirmed Kantor, along with Saracevic, (1997a; 1997b) conducted a long term study to develop a taxonomy of user values for library services and a methodology for applying the taxonomy. They also provide arguments for the importance of used-based evaluation include Norlin (2000) who evaluated user satisfaction regarding references services with surveys to gather demographic data, unobtrusive observations of the delivery of reference services, and follow-up focus groups. Hill et al. (1997) used multiple methods to obtain feedback regarding the Alexandria Digital Library (ADL) at the University of California, Santa Barbara.The study adopted several methods to evaluate user views including: online surveys, ethnographic studies, focus groups, and user comments. The goal of this study was not to compare the value of the library system to its costs, but rather to incorporate the user feedback in the ongoing design and implementation of the ADL. Talbot et al. (1998) employed a Likert type survey to evaluate patron satisfaction with various library services at the University of California, San Diego. This survey was conducted in response to a comprehensive change in the library management’s philosophy.Chris Borgman at UCLA has written extensively regarding digital libraries from user-centric perspective. One of her recent works, Borgman (2000), provides a multi-disciplinary, holistic, human- centered perspective on the global information infrastructure. Many economists inc luding Hal Varian, Malcolm Getz, and Jeff Mackie-Manson have examined the evaluation of libraries and information. Mackie-Manson, and the others, examined the issue of electronic journals pricing during the Pricing Access to Knowledge (PEAK) 2000 conference.There are numbers of studies that adopt multi-attribute, stated-preference techniques, or some variant of them. Crawford (1994) describes a multi-attribute, stated-preference application for evaluating reference within academic libraries and provides an overview of an earlier study using similar techniques (Halperin and Stradon 1980). Harless and Allen (1999) utilize contingent valuation methodology (CVM), a subset of multi-attribute, stated –preference techniques, to measure patron benefits of reference desk services.Basically, CVM explores user’s willingness to pay in dollar values, for varying levels of services. The most widely cited reference for CVM’s Mitchell and Carson (1989). The Harless and Allen pa per raises the important distinction between use and option value, concepts that have been developed in the context of environmental. Use value reflects the value of benefits as assigned by actual users of specific services. Option value incorporates the additional benefits as determined by users who might use specific services in the future (i. e. individual who had not used the reference service but still placed a value of its existence). Any evaluation study that focuses only on individuals who use a specific service (e. g. , interviewing only patrons as they leave the reference desk) will most probably underestimate the benefit of the service in question. Outside of the US, the eVALUEd project team has implemented a questionnaire designed to collect data regarding evaluation methodologies in the UK. The questionnaire was offered to the heads of Library/Information Services in Higher Education Institutions in UK.The goal eVALUEd is to produce a transferable model for e-library ev aluation and to provide training and dissemination in e-library evaluation. The results of this effort should provide an interesting comparison to efforts based in the US. These studies demonstrate an increasing emphasis on both inter and intra-institutional measures, outcomes rather than inputs, a user-centric perspective, adoption of evaluation techniques from various disciplines, and evaluation of libraries that is published as a software. Conceptual FrameworkThe aim of conceptual model of the study is to visualize the theoretical plans that will be used in the study. It is composed of three blocks, explicitly the input, the process and the output blocks. The Input Block is made up of personal information such as name and address contact details . Book number for the numerical arrangement of book according to its accession number and identification card for serial number purposes. The Process block is made up process where all the variables in the input is being used to make a pr ocess that will definitely return a certain output.The Output block is made up of what will be the outcome when the inputs and process have been done and it is Library system using rfid The Evaluation will now see if the system meets the client’s requirements if it is working properly. It will serve as assembly practice for the comments, feedbacks, and suggestions from the user of the system. Importance to the study The importance of name to the study is to identify who are the borrower / user of the library system. The importance of address in the study is to identify the borrowers / user’s location for security purposes.The importance of contact details in the study is to identify the borrowers/ user’s details whenever there are some arguments about the book that has been borrowed or returned. The importance of the Book ID/ Book Number is to identify the current book status whenever it is in or out of the library. Chapter 3 Methodology Method of Research The p roponents use the following techniques or methods in order to achieve data gathering for this study. First, the researchers use the descriptive method of research that involves a process of observation of events and facts and their description in words and/or numbers.Second, the proponents also use the job analysis method that deals with the assessment of the efficiency and effectiveness of practices, policies, instruments or other variables in work process of an organization. These two methods were used because the tasks in the study involves the observation of perceptions of the respondents and the analysis of existing work practices in order to come up with improvements. Locale of the Study The study took place in Barangka Elementary School, located at Bonifacio Avenue Barangka Marikina City, beside the Barangay Hall of Brgy. Barangka.The library currently uses manual process of borrowing and returning of books, a data base that contains an inventory of books. However the library doesn’t give students and faculty members/ staffs the ability of borrowing and returning of books more secured and much detailed information. The database just helps the librarian in performing regular inventories of books. The researcher then thought of coming up with a solution to help improve the way the library’s collection and book borrowing are managed. For further analysis here a scenario for us to know about the process currently happens in Barangka elementary school library.At first the student will confront the librarian asking for a book and then the librarian will look up to his/ her records of the books. If the book is in the book shelves then the librarian will tell if it is available or out. When the book is available then the librarian will ask if the student will borrow the book and ask for his/ her library card and fill it with the following information. After registering the book as being barrowed the librarian take a look at his/ her records and re cord the book that is being borrowed.And this is the process in the Barangka elementary school library. Participants The participants in this study were librarian, Students and faculty members. During this conduct of study the population of the participants could be broken down to 150 students, 10 faculty members and staff and school librarian with the total of 161 persons. The survey was held to get the general perceptions of the librarians, students and faculty members on the accuracy, efficiency and security of the current library system. Research InstrumentsInterview about the existing library system was done by asking questions related company’s background, existing library process, problems encountered while using the existing system. The answers are answerable by their own insights of the person involved during the interview session. The purpose of the surveys and interviews is for the proponents will know of there will be improvements that they are going to add for th eir proposed project. The proponents used questionnaires for surveys of Barangka Elementary School Library system using rfid.The questionnaire is composed of 4 questions. These are answerable by the numbers which are from their own perceptions and experiences and experiences. Number one (1) is equivalent to always answer, number two (2) is equivalent to often, number three (3) is equivalent to sometimes answer, number four (4) is equivalent to rarely answer and number five (5) is equivalent to never answer. The proponents chose the survey to be answerable by 1,2,3,4 and 5 only because they want it to be more convenient and answerable by the students of the Barangka Elementary School. Data gatheringBefore initiating the study, the researchers requested permission through a letter signed by the adviser, and approved by the school Principal. The questionnaire to be used for the survey was prepared and presented to the adviser for the approval. After the adviser’s approval of the questionnaire, the researchers conducted the survey in the school where the participants include the librarian, students and faculty members. Design Strategy 1. Planning On completing the survey and the data gathering, the researchers started the planning stage in the developing the Library system using rfid.Through the survey and interview, the researchers learned more about the existing manual library system, and how it can be improved through with the use of RFID. During the planning stage, the data flow diagram, entity relationship diagram and flow chart were prepared. 2. Writing The researchers used VB. 60 and VB. net in programming the process and Microsoft Access for the database. Vb6. 0 and Vb. net was selected it can handle a program more reliable, Microsoft Access is selected because it can handle database more efficiently. 3. Testing The Library system using rfid was tested first among the researchers.The librarian, students and the faculty members also tested the system and gave suggestions in improving its usability. 4. Implementation The proponents have launched the Barangka Elementary School Library system using rfid after all testing, analyzing the final results and all the criteria and said goal are accomplished. Should the proponents and benefactors of the said system are not satisfied; the system will then undergo a new evaluation. The implementation has the following stages: 1. Training of staff and librarian – The staff, administrations and librarians will be trained later on time.They’ll learn the security features, how to enter data produce reports. 2. Live run of the System – The proponents will present during this initial live run to troubleshoot possible errors. 3. Turnover of documentation and software – The software and documentation will be turned over to the administrators and librarians of the school as soon as the System was being approved. Chapter 4 Results and Findings This chapter presents the dat a gathered through the survey. The results were analyzed by using the weighted means, and their corresponding verbal interpretations.Table 1, 2, 3, and 4 show the results of the survey conducted for the students and librarian of the Barangka Elementary School, Marikina City on the accuracy, security, accessibility, and usability of proposed library system which is Barangka Elementary School Library System using RFID. They asked 160 respondents including the librarian and faculty staff. Table 1: Perceptions of the students and the librarian on security Question 1| Number of Respondents| WtdX| Verbal Interpretation| | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| | | The books are well secure. 152| 8| 1| 0| 0| 1. 3| Books are always secure. | The results under the category accuracy gave weighted means ranging to 1. 3 (always). The results indicate that all books were secure Library System School using RFID. Table 2: Perceptions of the students and librarian on the accessibility Question 2| Number of Respondents| Wt d X| Verbal Interpretation| | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| | | The accessibility of the system is applicable. | 154| 6| 0| 0| 0| 1. 15| The accessibility of the user accounts is always applicable. |According to the results under the category accessibility gave weighted means ranging to 1. 15 (Always). The results include that the proposed system has user level accessibility from school staffs to student accounts of campus. Table 3: perception of the students and the librarian on accuracy Question 3| Number of Respondents| Wtd X| Verbal Interception| | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| | | . The Accuracy in updating account details | 148| 12| 0| 0| 0| 1. 1| The data and settings are always accurate| Under the table of question about accuracy gave weighted means ranging to 1. (Always). The result include that the records / data and settings are always accurate and can give correct and updated information to the users. Table 4: Perceptions of the students and the librarian on usability Question 4| Number of Respondent s| Wtd X| Verbal Interpretation| | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| | | Usability of the system. (e. g. Features Modules)| 150| 10| 0| 0| 0| 1. 25| The system is always usable or user friendly. | Under the table of usability the weighted means ranging to 1. 25 (Always).The result implies that the users can use the system with minimum trainings or without trainings at all. Chapter 5 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation This presents the summary of findings, conclusion and recommendations to solve the problems. A. Summary The findings of this study are shown under the categories of accuracy, security, accessibility, and usability. 1. Perception of accuracy According to the perception of the students and the librarian, accuracy of data are well maintained by the system. 2. Perception on security According to the students and librarian, all the books can be secure. . Perception on accessibility According to the students and the librarian, user accessibility of the system is applicable and working prope rly. 4. Perception on usability According to the students and librarian, the system is easy to use with graphical user Interface. B. Conclusion Taking into the account the finding mentioned previously, proponents came up with their conclusion that the system has meet the minimum requirements and important requirements that the client needs. All the modules are working properly and satisfy the users.Although the system is open for future enhancement. C. Recommendation The proponents came up with the following recommendations based on the result of the live run testing of the system; . User Level – logout of the existing account first before another user can login. . Quantity of the books – the total number of books in each category. . Fine computation – computation of fine of each student. . Usability of internet in accessing accounts of the users – using of internet in accessing user accounts. APPENDCES A. Survey Questionnaire Name: __________________ Dat e: _____________Upon using the applied system, indicate if the questions below meet the desired requirements of the users. Check the number of your desired answer. (1- Always, 2- Often, 3- Sometimes, 4- Rarely, 5- Never) Questions| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 1. The books are well secured| | | | | | 2. The accessibility of the system is applicable. (e. g borrower type)| | | | | | 3. The account details are updateable| | | | | | 4. Usability of the system(e. g graphical interface)| | | | | | Screenshots Login Page Main Menu Books User Borrower Borrowing Returning Book Reports

John Foulcher for the Fire Q&a Essay

For the fire Q&A The first lines in the poem introduce us to the sounds in the bush. what are these sounds and whom does he think is making the noise? Why is his mistake understandable? What effect is achieved through these sound images? * The opening starts with the word â€Å"Outside† presenting the natural world that appears on the surface to be so beautiful and gentle. â€Å"a chopping sound† disrupts the natural image, â€Å"its singular human thud† represents a human is harming the environment. The effect is that humans are damaging the environment and its not uncommon (the author is not surprised† Explain the effect of the simile â€Å"like clockwork† what effect is created by the repetition of the‘t’ and‘d’ sounds in the sound drops/chipped from a tall dead tree? * It reminds us that this is a place controlled by nature. It is repetitive and continuous the image of the kookaburra and the lizard is vivid. Comment on lines 6-10 discussing the images created, choice of words and what they may suggest, the expressive verbs and the overall meaning of these lines. * The authors powerful language and imagery that we witness the savagery and brutality and feel sympathetic. what does the word oblivious tell us about the birds behaviour? * The bird doesn’t have sympathy for the lizard because it is a part of natures cycle and it was uninvietable. The birds behaviour is instinctive and even though it may seem brutal and savage to us, it is acting only out of instinct and survival. How does the poet indicate his acceptance of the birds apparent brutality. * The poet doesn’t help the lizard, instead he accepts natures cycle and picks up his kindling and leaves. What interpretation can you suggest to explain the meaning of the cold air congealing behind me * Visual image of the air is like a door closing on a world where the poet was an intruder.

police science Essay Example

police science Essay Example police science Essay police science Essay Police administration Essay 1 The list of UCR crimes includes murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny theft and vehicle theft. When statistics for murder cases are being recorded, they include those of manslaughter too. The figure of murder currently reads beyond five hundred in New York. Rape cases are beyond one thousand. However, the trend shows they have reduced as the years have passed. For instance, in 1980, statistics for rape cases were three thousand seven hundred and eleven. In 2005, the figure had reduced to one thousand four hundred and twelve. The department of homeland security has approximately 230,000employees. Community policing has three key elements that fall under organizational dimension, external elements and tactical elements. There are several more under these key elements such as inclusion of citizens. The broken window theory is based on the assumption that if a small crime is not responded to, it will result to more crime. Thus, criminal behavior could be termed as a lax in police force. The NYPD patrol bureau is concerned with planning, directing and coordinating of the police in uniform on their law enforcement patrol duties. The CIMS branch that requires having detectives for combating terrorist activities is the police department. The COPMSTAT was started in New York by Jack Maple when he was a transit police officer Yes/ No Answers 1) Did a riot occur in Los Angles in the 1992 over the beating of a black male motorist by police officers? Yes 2) Did Police Commissioner Lee Brown bring Community Police to NYPD? Yes 3) Is Police Administration a general term for police supervision and operations? No 4) Are there five (5) branches in the CIMS model? No 5) Is August Volmer considered the father of policing in America? Yes 6) Is the NYPD Fusion center called the Command and Dissemination Center? No 7) Is an example of domestic terrorism group Hamas? Yes 8) Did Chief Justice Earl Warren take away many rights from criminal suspects? Yes 9) Was SARA model first used by Sir Robert Peel in England Pendleton Reform? Yes An example of a patrol function is conducting buy and bust operations. No

Subculture identity how the tradidiontal costume keeps their own Essay

Subculture identity how the tradidiontal costume keeps their own culture nowadays - Essay Example Hence, a historical back ground of various sub culture identities such as Greeks, Japanese, Arabs, Indians and etc along with their culture costume characteristic is being discussed in this article. Furthermore, it's greatly shedding light on latest outfits of various sub culture identities and presenting several opinions of writers regarding how to keep that traditional culture costume alive in joyful manner. In order to describe how the traditional costumes of Greeks was reminiscent of question arises from the frequent consideration. Basically, the frequent consideration (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994) is that long-established costume is definitely the costume. However, it characterizes the individuality of a farming culture and on the other hand it articulate the connection flanked by an individual and the civilization. Giselis (1974) inscribe that the set of clothes is a representation of the particular crowd and not of its wearer's character which underneath force may be required to match to the mutual strength. It should be noted that it is not simple to differentiate oneself commencing the group of people with a costume (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994), while the civilization itself stimulate the method of communal control and permit forcing a potential outlook modernizer to come back to the array. The major feature of folk set of clothes is to facilitate generally acknowledged by the preponderance (Vrelli -Zaxou 1994). Moreover, it cannot fail to notice the information to facilitate the remark as costume. which is a strange remark pro the Greek, is derivative since the English remark 'costume' and its doublet 'custom', which into their twirls are source of Latin consuetude 'habit' Each and every from the above is resultant from the information that each consign possess its own costume. The ordinary difference by more than a few writers (e.g. Roubis 1995) links the set of clothes of the residents of hilly regions and those existing on the plains, and as well as among the outfits of the islanders and the residents of mainland, is no longer applicable. Since study has shown that a century before rural communities illustrated themselves from others with a quality costume (Hatzimichali 1925). In addition, traditional civilization a costume might have contained a variety of utilities. Solitary of its utility was to replicate the modification of the exertion time and as well as the holiday plus the days of time off. They fluctuate morphologically as distant as the excellence and beautification is Apprehensive (Kyriakidou-Nestoros 1989). The set of clothes for daily practice is very realistic in its dim colors and with no at all sewing and attractive elements. On the other hand, joyful clothing is traditionally wealthy in colors and decoration. The joyful costume is extensively worn in official dancing and at carnivals through out the entire Greece. Furthermore, there are certainly some areas where a unique and special set of clothes is worn for special occasions. It should be noted that in the rural community of Nesting, Arcadias (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994) males put on the tsipianitiko shirt where as women put on asprofoustano, a definite type of pallid dress, in Sirako, Paros (Dimas 1993) firm pastoral shoes are worn out on festive and

Native American Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Native American Art History - Essay Example As the report stresses  there is omission of the Plateau and or is discussed as an imitation of the areas around it, making it hard for the art to be recognized as historical canon. â€Å"A Nez Perce shirt, technically from the Plateau, would be less likely to appear than a similar Crow shirt from the Plains, and a Nez Perce cradle might be overshadowed by one from the Great Lakes†.This essay highlights that exhibitions of Native American art focused broadly on culture areas and more narrowly on the art of specific Native nations or individual artists.P.79.There was thus no exploitation of the artwork.  Adena Pipe was often included in canons as those created by a master or genius. This is because the work was known by archeological designation and location of discovery. The great naturalism and unique nature of the pipe have placed it in the art historical canon.  Great Serpent Mound in Ohio is artwork whose date aligns closely with that of the supernova of the Crab Neb ula.P.74. It fits in the western art canon because it offers immediate comparison to other earthworks that appears in the same volumes of American sculpture.  The artwork is supposed to be wide. There are so many barriers that have limited the artwork.  Masterpieces that break from the tradition of the Native American art make the work and the artist to remain anonymous.  The artwork must conform to the standards and this has made many artworks not to be recognized.  

Compare and contrast the work and lives of Walter Gropius and Oscar Essay

Compare and contrast the work and lives of Walter Gropius and Oscar Niemeyer - Essay Example The art of architecture is not in its defiance of function, but in its ability to create a form through which functioning within the structure takes on meaning. Walter Gropius created a school in which the exploration of craft, art, and the functionality of a building through the form of its design was explored. His theories on teaching were based upon ideas of innovation and his students were encouraged to create their world by working with materials so that they could find how they could be used in expressive and innovative ways. Gropius must be understood to understand how the rest of Modernity through architecture has been achieved. Oscar Niemeyer is still a working architect, even at the age of 106. At the age of 101 he wrote his memoirs, explaining the trajectory of his life and how his politics prevented his work in the West and despite them he was still able to contribute to architecture because of his beautiful and extraordinary curvaceous forms. Although he was a Communist and he was dealing with the world as it was conditioned during the 1940s and 1950s to deny those who believed in Communist politics to work, he was still able to be a contributing architect to the UN building and to build beautiful works of art within which public functions could be accomplished. Gropius and Niemeyer were contemporaries, although Niemeyer was younger. Their histories intersect in the United States where the German born Gropius had migrated to Boston and Niemeyer was asked to become the dean of the Harvard Graduate School of Design, the second post that he would have to decline because of his associations with the Communist Party and the political climate in the 1950s. Walter Gropius Walter Gropius was born in 1883 and died in 1969, leaving behind a legacy of innovation and a history of teaching those ideas that he came to discover. Along with Oscar Niemeyer, who is the second subject of this paper, was a pioneer of modern architecture and ideas on form. Lupfer, Sige l, and Gropius write that without knowledge about Gropius, Modern architecture cannot be understood. His ability to communicate was his most powerful resource as he could not draw well.1 Therefore it was necessary for his associates to create what he could describe, his work the result of collaborations with those who could put into a drawing what he could not. His ability to communicate resulted in founding the Staatliches Bauhaus, or more commonly just referred to as the Bauhaus, was a school that was focused on the arts and craft.2 Craft is often seen as something less in modern interpretations, but the true idea of craft is the ability to build something that is high quality and with fine design. It might be said that art interprets life while craft enables it. Something is crafted when raw materials are developed into something that can be used in the everyday. Gropius said that â€Å"Let us then create a new guild of craftsmen without the class distinctions that raise an arro gant barrier between craftsman and artist!†3 Of course, not all art is interpretation and not all craft is used in the everyday, but it is a good way to consider the two. The Bauhaus was likely the direct result of the

Genetically Modified Food and Crops Essay Example for Free

Genetically Modified Food and Crops Essay Abstract Since the 1980s scientists have been altering crops, including some of the food we eat (Fairly Gaskins, 2000). Genetically modified food has always been a concern for many people. I find the concerns to be unwarranted because there has never been a negative health report due to the fact of consuming GM foods. Biotechnology gives us the best means for solving the worlds food shortage now and in the future. Genetically modified crop plants are now grown on nearly 150 million acres in the United States alone, helping farmers to increase yields, reduce pesticide spraying, and save topsoil (Conko Miller, 2011). What are we actually eating? Looking at ingredients on the back of a product was almost considered out of the ordinary ten to fifteen years ago. But now it is one of the most important factors in the decision on whether or not a consumer will buy the product. In all the research I conducted there was never a proven harmful effect from genetic engineering. However, the benefits are scientifically proven which gives genetically modified crops the advantage over traditional farming. The proposed ideas and research by scientist show that a lot more can be done with GM food other than eating it. Globalization of GM crops is becoming apparent as well as GM crop commercialization. _Keywords: GM Food, GM Crops, Genetically engineered crops, Biotechnology, GM organisms._ Genetically modified organisms can be defined as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally. The technology is often called biotechnology and it allows selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another (World Health Organization, 2002). For more than twenty years of scientific,  humanitarian, and financial success genetic engineering has been applied to agriculture. This has been accomplished without injury to a single person or damage to the ecosystem. However, activists are still fighting the use of genetically modified crops (Conko Miller 2011). Millions of people around the world suffer from malnutrition and with the steep projected increase of our worlds population in the next fifty years a change needs to be made. Genetically modified crops increase yield, nutrition and uses fewer pesticides all without proven negative effects. GM crops and all its benefits make it the gateway for the worlds agriculture success. Genetically modified crops are becoming the building blocks for agriculture advancements. Scientists are continually working to create more benefits for consumers as well as farmers. The main concern of GM foods is negative health risks however, they are actually more beneficial. GM foods have longer shelf life, contain higher nutritional value and are safer to eat. For example, GM corn has lower fungal toxin content then non-GM corn, and farmers typically produce GM crops using fewer pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers (Tyson, 2001). By drastically reducing the use of chemicals on the plants it provides a major improvement for the consumers safety and nourishment. Because scientists slightly tweak the DNA of the plants with other genes it is possible that food allergens may end up in GM products. Steve Taylor, a scientists at the University of Nebraska states that, the food-allergy threat is small because food  engineers now avoid using genes from nuts and other common food all ergens. The benefits of genetic engineering justify the risk (Fairley Gaskins 2000). Products from biotechnology are no less safe than traditionally bred crops. According to Dr. Prakash, genetically improved products are subjected to intensive testing, while conventional varieties have never been subjected to any such regulation for food safety or environmental impact (Prakash, 2000). Every GM food that is currently available on the international market has already passed risk assessments and is not likely to pose a risk for the consumers. No effects have been shown and GM foods will continue to be regulated in more and more countries (World Health Organization, 2002). GM crops are never expected to present a health risk  and therefore should reassure government officials worldwide in the use of this technology. Another concern of GM technology is the effect it has on the environment. The environmental risks of biotechnology are also unidentified just like the health trepidations. No scientific evidence proves that GM crops are harmful to the environment. U.S. officials pointed out that scientists in Europe had been unable to find any evidence of added risk to human health or the environment from any GM crop variety developed to date. In fact, none of the studies by Europe found any scientific evidence of added harm to humans or the environment (Paarlberg, 2003). GM engineering will actually help the environment rather than harm it. In the U.S. alone farmers annually administer more than nine hundred seventy million tons of insect and plant killers. Now GM crops have the ability of containing their own insect and plant killing gene which means the farmers can use fewer chemicals (Tyson, 2001). To ensure that the environment is remaining safe, risk assessments are conducted for the GM product as well as the area in which the crop will grow (World Health Organization, 2002). Furthermore, the United Nations Environment Program has used funding for developing countries to implement biosafety regulations for GM crops. The UNEP wants these regulations implemented before any crop is planted no matter the cost or delay (Paarlberg, 2003). Since 2011, The U.S. Department of Agriculture has approved seventy four different GM crops. In each case the crops data was reviewed for several years and each concluded that they will have no significant environmental impact (Conko Miller 2011). These precautionary measures toward genetically modified crops allow the government to regulate farming actions and safeguard the environment. The initial reason GM organisms were created was to improve crop production. The GM crops currently on the market are mainly aimed at an increased level of crop protection through the introduction of resistance against plant diseases caused by insects or viruses or through increased tolerance towards herbicides (Tyson, 2001). Producers are getting a lot more for a lot less which translates to products with lower prices. The improved production of  crops and technology accounts for the lowered costs and have forced tremendous competition in the herbicide and insecticide markets (Prakash, 2000). This also helps traditional farmers because it now allows them to buy these products at a cheaper cost. In fifty years the world population could exceed eleven billion people unfortunately, the current food supply is not expanding at the same rate. Because of this, GM crops need to expand and gain popularity over traditional farming. Global GM crop farming in 1999 covered about one hundred million acres (Tyson, 2001). Now, genetically modified crop plants are grown on nearly one hundred fifty million acres in the United States alone (Conko Miller 2011). These statistics show that GM crop farming is rapidly expanding and the benefits are obvious. Biotechnology and its productivity give us the best chance to safely solve the food needs of today and the future. Poor farmers in tropical countries face problems such as crop pests, drought and low soil fertility (Paarlberg, 2003). These are the people who annually struggle to produce enough food for their families. Bugs, drought and disease destroy many acres of farmland every year. Fortunately scientists are creating GM crops with built in resistance to insects and diseases. GM Crops are also being developed that can grow in deserts or near salt water which allows more area for farming (Fairley Gaskins, 2011). Because GM crops are now being built in with these resistances farmers wont experience huge financial setbacks caused by pests killing their plants. Since the majority of malnutrition people in the world live in developing countries this opens up the opportunity for them to increase crop yield and provide enough food for everyone. Also, in developing countries people often have to survive off a single staple that own its own doesnt supply sufficient amounts of nutrients. Food scientist hope to solve this problem by creating crops equipped with vitamins and minerals. According to Tyson, one of the most promising is golden rice, which can stimulate our bodies to generate vitamin A. In the developing world, vitamin-A deficiency kills two million children each year (Tyson, 2001). A development through GM foods may be able to save two million people which would be a life changing breakthrough. Scientists are also trying to perfect eatable vaccines. They are genetically adding vaccines to tomatoes and bananas, since traditional  vaccines are expensive to manufacture and require specialized storage. Eatable vaccines, will be easier to transport, store, and administer in third world countries (Tyson, 2001). Biotechnology holds unlimited potential for areas of the world where poverty and poor agricultural conditions make farming challenging. The U.S. needs to ensure the people of these countries that GM food is safe and will be nothing but beneficial to the ir people. Genetic engineering is a crucial factor in agricultural productivity and if it continues to safely expand it could help meet the problematic food challenges that have already started. Genetic engineering holds great possibilities that could change the world. Simply peeling back a banana infused with antibiotics could be the next breakthrough science has to offer. Biotechnology continues to show safety is not an issue. GM farmers are now administering fewer chemicals on their crops. This reduces the amount of air pollution and water contamination in the environment. Genetic modifications were being made since farming started. Farmers always crossed bred the most successful plants year to year and without any concerns from the public. Today, scientist have a better understanding of how genetic modifications work making it safer for the consumers. However, government regulations are still implemented just for precautionary purposes. The United States is fortunate enough to grow numerous varieties of crops and also have the ability to choose the method of how they are grown. Unfortunately, not every country has these advantages. Genetically modified products allow these developing nations to grow crops at a more productive rate. Commercialization of genetically modified agriculture needs to be strictly monitored to make sure regulations are followed. Over industrialization of farming today is negatively viewed therefore making it essential that a golden mean is set for genetically modified products. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Fairley, P., Gaskins, P. (2000). Food Fight!. _Scholastic Choices_, _15_(8), 16. CONKO, G., MILLER, H. I. (2011). The Rush to Condemn Genetically Modified Crops. _Policy Review_, (165), 69-82. World Health Orginization. (2002). Retrieved from website: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/index.html Tyson, P. T. (2001, April 12). _Harvest of fear_. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/exist/ Prakash, C. (2000). Genetically engineered crops can feed the world!. Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/articles/biotech.html Paarlberg, R. L. (2003). Reinvigorating genetically modified crops. _Issues in Science and Technology, 19_(3), 86-92. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.sju.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195920735?accountid=14071